MIL-HDBK-1211 Missile Flight Simulation Part One Surface-To-Air MissilesSurface-to-air missile systems are developed to meet specified operational requirements. In a broad sense these requirements include the size of the defended area and lethality. In addition, the conditions under which the missile system is to operate are specified to include the environment and characteristics of the threat \(target\).

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MIL-HDBK-1211 (MI)

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

1-1 Missile Flight Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

1-2 Spectrum of Methods for Determining Missile Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

2-1 Guidance and Control Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2-2 Major Component Sections of a Homing Missile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

2-3 Attenuation of Optical Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2-4 Distribution of IR Radiation from a Typical Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2-5 Basic Reticle Tracker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2-6 Typical Conical-Scan Reticle Seeker Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2-7 Projection of Tracking Error on Reticle Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2-8 Generic Reticle Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2-9 Rosette Scan Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2-10 Typical Radar Seeker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2-11 Attenuation of RF Radiation by Atmosphere and Rain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2-12 RF Tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2-13 Function of the Autopilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

2-14 Acceleration Required to Change Direction of Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

2-15 Aerodynamic Lift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

2-16 Moment Produced by Thrust Vector Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

2-17 Aerodynamic Moment Reduced by Control-Surface Deflection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

2-18 Torque Balance Servo Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

2-19 Warhead Fragment Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

2-20 Fuze and Warhead Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19

2-21 Typical Solid propellant Rocket Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20

2-22 propellant Grain Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21

2-23 Typical Boost-Glide and Boost-Sustain Histories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

2-24 Effect of Temperature on Thrust History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23

2-25 Guidance Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24

, 2-26 Command Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26

2-27 Track-via-Missile Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26

2-28 Beam-Rider Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29

2-29 Proportional Navigation Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-29

3-1 Coordinate Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

3-2 Typical Top-Level Flow Diagram for a Flight Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

4-1 Forces, Velocities, Moments, and Angular Rates in Body Reference Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

4-2 Euler Angle Rotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4-3 Velocity Vector in Body-Frame and Earth-Frame Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

4-4 Time Rate of Change of Vector B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

4-5 Aerodynamic Force in Body- and Wind-Frame Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

4-6 Relationship Between Gravitational Mass Attraction and Gravity Experienced by an Observer on a Rotating

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

5-1 Comparison of Dragon a Disk and an Aerodynamic Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

5-2 Effect of Rocket Plume on Base Drag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

5-3 Zero-Lift Drag Coefficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

5-4 Drag Polar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

5-5 Coefficient of Lift Versus Angie of Attack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

5-6 Moment Coefficient Versus Angle of Attack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

5-7 Spring Analogy for Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

5-8 Fin Rotation Relative to Plane of Missile Maneuver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22

6-1 Thrust Force and Moment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

7-1 Forces and Accelerations in Horizontal, 2-g Turn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

7-2 Relative Attitude of Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18

7-3 Miss Distance Vector Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19

7-4 Typical Dependence of Pk on Miss Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20

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